Condiciones de observación en el Cerro Mariquita

        The sky at the Cananea site


        • Datos preliminares acerca de brillo de cielo, extinción atmosférica y seeing.
        • Preliminary data available on sky brightness, extinction and seeing.

        Brillo de cielo / Sky Brightness

        Tabla 1. Brillo de cielo típico en el OAGH (mag/segundo cuadrado
        Table 1. Typical Sky Brightness at OAGH (mag/sq. arcsec)
        Fecha/Date B V R I InstrumentObserverRef.
        4 Feb 2000 21.6620.8520.4418.96 CamDirD. Mayya
        May 1998 21.9020.9420.4918.77 LFOSCA. Carramiñana+
        Jan 1997 21.8020.0019.8018.50 LFOSCE. Carrasco et al.[1]
        May 1994 21.5020.5020.0018.70 LFOSCA. Buzzoni[1,2]
        We note that Buzzoni 1994 measures were taken towards the West, the direction opposite to the city of Cananea, while the 1997 measures were made in the direction of Cananea.
        Light pollution can account for the 0.7 and 0.5 mag/arcsec excess brightness observed in B and V respectively, with no significant excess in R and I.


        Extinción atmosférica / Atmospheric Extinction

        Tabla 2. Coeficientes de extinción atmosférica típicos en el OAGH
        Table 2. Typical Extinction coefficients at OAGH (mag/airmass)
        Fecha / Date UB V R I InstrumentObserverRef
        23 Oct 1999 0.440 0.2000.1100.1100.070 CCD at 16-inchA. Carramiñana+
        May 1998 0.3470.2170.1320.128 LFOSCA. Carramiñana+
        30 Jan 1998 0.185 0.1200.0500.040 LFOSCD. Mayya+I.Puerari
        Jan 1997 0.2430.1390.0900.064 LFOSCE. Carrasco et al. [1]
        May 1994 0.2150.0940.0690.099 LFOSCA. Buzzoni[1,2]
        Average 0.44 0.200.110.070.05

        • Excepto por la noche de mayo de 1998, de condiciones anormales, el resto de los datos son ajustados por una curva con dos términos:
          1. Rayleigh scattering: lambda-4
          2. Aerosol scattering: lambda-0.8
          La ecuación exactada con los coeficientes de ajuste aparece en la gráfica y los coeficientes de extinción correspondientes están tabulados en la
          Tabla 3.

        • Except for the night in May 1998, of conditions anomalous, the rest are fitted by a curve involving 2 terms:
          1. Rayleigh scattering: lambda-4
          2. Aerosol scattering: lambda-0.8
          The exact equation with the fitted coefficients is written on the plot and the corresponding extinction values are tabulated in Table 3 below.

        The resulting curve is plotted in red. The night of May 1998 fitted separately and the resulting curve is shown by light blue (this night was affected by smoke from serious forest fires all over Mexico and USA!)

        Considering the proximity of KPNO (longitude = 111:36.0 deg, latitude = 31:57.8 deg, altitude = 2120 m) to OAGH (longitude = 110:23.0 deg, latitude = 31:03.2 deg, altitude = 2480 m), it is of interest to compare the extinction curves of the two observatories. Dashed line in the above figure represents the typical curve for KPNO (taken from IRAF database). It should be remembered that the extinction curve of KPNO is from narrow band photometry, where as our curve is based on UBVRI bands. Mean values of extinction at OAGH (excluding the smoky night) at the UBVRI bands are given in the last column of Table 2.

        Table 3: Extinction Curve for OAGH
        (Preliminary!)
        lambda (Å) K(lam)
        3000 0.689
        3200 0.550
        3400 0.447
        3600 0.371
        3800 0.312
        4000 0.266
        4200 0.230
        4400 0.201
        4600 0.178
        4800 0.159
        5000 0.143
        5200 0.130
        5400 0.119
        5600 0.109
        5800 0.101
        6000 0.094
        6200 0.088
        6400 0.083
        6600 0.079
        6800 0.074
        7000 0.071
        7200 0.068
        7400 0.065
        7600 0.062
        7800 0.060
        8000 0.057
        8200 0.055
        8400 0.054
        8600 0.052
        8800 0.050
        9000 0.049
        9200 0.048
        9400 0.046
        9600 0.045
        9800 0.044
        10000 0.043


        Seeing

        • Mediciones realizadas con el monitor de seeing DIMM desde abríl de 1998. Mostramos análisis preliminar de los dos períodos con mayor cantidad de datos.
        • Measurements made with the DIMM seeing monitor starting in April 1998. Preliminary analysis of the periods with more data available gives:

          Table 4: Seeing measurements
          StatisticFebruary-March 1999October-December 1999
          1st cuartile 0.851 0.708
          Median 0.993 0.828
          3rt cuartile 1.177 0.979

        • Debido a diferentes configuraciones del seeing monitor los valores mostrados son en realidad límites superiores. La diferencia entre los dos períodos de 1999 puede deberse a diferentes configuraciones y no a una mayor calidad de la atmósfera.
          Seguimos trabajando....
        • Because of the set-up used for the seeing monitor all values are in fact upper limits. The difference between the early and late 1999 data might be due to the different set-ups, rather than the atmosphere.
          Work in progress...


        Referencias / references:

        1. Carrasco, B.E., Carramiñana, A., Sánchez-Sesma, F.J. & Lermo, F.J., 1998,
          in Preserving the Astronomical Windows,
          ASP Conf Ser 139, 141

        2. Buzzoni, A., 1994,
          INAOE Technical Report 169.


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        21-jun-2000 astrofi@inaoep.mx